Children

Also known as Morbus Köhler 2, Freiberg disease or Freiberg infraction. It is a form of avascular necrosis in the metatarsal bone of the foot. It generally develops in the second metatarsal, but can occur in any metatarsal. Physical stress causes multiple tiny fractures where the middle of the metatarsal meets the growth plate. These fractures impair blood flow to the end of the metatarsal resulting in the death of bone cells (osteonecrosis). It occurs mainly in girls between the ages of 12 and 18.

Is a childhood repetitive-use injury, which includes inflammation of the patellar ligament at the tibial tuberosity. It is characterized by a painful bump just below the knee that is worse with activity and better with rest. Osgood-Schlatter disease affects children experiencing growth spurts. Children who play sports in which they regularly run, and jump are most at risk. The disease causes a painful lump below the kneecap. The condition usually resolves on its own, once the child's bones stop growing.

Sever's disease (also known as calcaneal apophysitis) is a type of bone injury in which the growth plate in the lower back of the heel, where the Achilles tendon (the heel cord that attaches to the growth plate) attaches, becomes inflamed and causes pain. Sever’s disease is the most common cause of heel pain in children, especially those who exercise or play sports on a regular basis. Sever’s disease is most likely to occur during the growth spurt that occurs in adolescence. For girls, growth spurts usually occur between 8 and 13 years of age. For boys, it’s typically between 10 and 15 years of age.

Pigeon toe, also known as in-toeing, this abnormal gait pattern is mainly seen in children but can still be visible at a later age. Many children walk from the moment they can walk with their feet turned inwards; this is normal. The big toes point towards each other, as it were. In general, a child will stumble more often than peers. When tired, in-toeing often becomes more visible and the child can also stumble more often. The abnormal gait in itself usually does not cause pain complaints.